"印第安納" meaning in All languages combined

See 印第安納 on Wiktionary

Proper name [漢語]

IPA: /in⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Standard Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /jɐn³³ tɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/ [Cantonese, IPA] Forms: 印第安纳 [Simplified Chinese]
  1. (~州) 州名,位於美國。首都: 印第安納波利斯
    Sense id: zh-印第安納-zh-name-iTB-ZHG0
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 印地安納 (Yìndì'ānnà) [Traditional Chinese], 印地安纳 (Yìndì'ānnà) [Simplified Chinese] Translations (美國州份): Indianao (世界語), Indiana (丹麥語), Индиа́на [feminine] (俄語), ᎢᏂᏗᏰᎾ (切羅基語), Indiana [feminine] (加利西亞語), Indiana (匈牙利語), इंडियाना (印地語), इण्डियाना (印地語), Indiana (土耳其語), Indiana [masculine, feminine] (奧克語), אינדיאנה (ʾindiānā) (希伯來語), Ιντιάνα (希臘語), Indiana (德語), Indiana [feminine] (意大利語), אינדיאַנאַ (意第緒語), Indiana [feminine] (拉脫維亞語), Indiana [feminine] (捷克語), インディアナ州 (Indiana-shū) (日語), ^인디애나 (朝鮮語), Indiana (林堡語), ინდიანა (格魯吉亞語), Indiana [masculine] (法語), Indiana [feminine] (波蘭語), ఇండియానా (泰盧固語), อินดีแอนา (泰語), Індіа́на [feminine] (烏克蘭語), Indiana [feminine] (科西嘉語), Índíʼyéenah hahoodzo (納瓦霍語), ອິນດີແອນາ (老撾語), Indiana (芬蘭語), Indiana (英語), Indiana [feminine] (葡萄牙語), Indiana [feminine] (西班牙語), إنديانا (ʔindiyānā) (阿拉伯語), Индија́на [feminine] (馬其頓語), इंडियाना (馬拉地語), Indijana (馬爾他語), អ៊ីនឌីយ៉ាណា (高棉語)

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「印」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「安」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「第」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「納」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "印第安纳",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "pos_title": "專有名詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "(~州) 州名,位於美國。首都: 印第安納波利斯"
      ],
      "id": "zh-印第安納-zh-name-iTB-ZHG0"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìndì'ānnà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄢ ㄋㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jan³ dai⁶ on¹ naap⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìndì'ānnà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄢ ㄋㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìndì-annà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yin⁴-ti⁴-an¹-na⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìn-dì-ān-nà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yinndihannah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Иньдианьна (Inʹdianʹna)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jan³ dai⁶ on¹ naap⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "yan daih ōn naahp"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jan³ dai⁶ on¹ naap⁹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "yen³ dei⁶ on¹ nab⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐn³³ tɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "Yìndì'ānnà",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "印地安納"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Yìndì'ānnà",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "印地安纳"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "阿拉伯語",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "ʔindiyānā",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "إنديانا"
    },
    {
      "lang": "切羅基語",
      "lang_code": "chr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ᎢᏂᏗᏰᎾ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "科西嘉語",
      "lang_code": "co",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "捷克語",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "丹麥語",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "英語",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "世界語",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indianao"
    },
    {
      "lang": "芬蘭語",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "法語",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "加利西亞語",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "格魯吉亞語",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ინდიანა"
    },
    {
      "lang": "德語",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "希臘語",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Ιντιάνα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "希伯來語",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "ʾindiānā",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "אינדיאנה"
    },
    {
      "lang": "印地語",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "इंडियाना"
    },
    {
      "lang": "印地語",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "इण्डियाना"
    },
    {
      "lang": "匈牙利語",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "意大利語",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "日語",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "Indiana-shū",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "インディアナ州"
    },
    {
      "lang": "高棉語",
      "lang_code": "km",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "អ៊ីនឌីយ៉ាណា"
    },
    {
      "lang": "朝鮮語",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "^인디애나"
    },
    {
      "lang": "老撾語",
      "lang_code": "lo",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ອິນດີແອນາ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "拉脫維亞語",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "林堡語",
      "lang_code": "li",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "馬其頓語",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Индија́на"
    },
    {
      "lang": "馬爾他語",
      "lang_code": "mt",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indijana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "馬拉地語",
      "lang_code": "mr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "इंडियाना"
    },
    {
      "lang": "納瓦霍語",
      "lang_code": "nv",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Índíʼyéenah hahoodzo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "奧克語",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "波蘭語",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "葡萄牙語",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄語",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Индиа́на"
    },
    {
      "lang": "西班牙語",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "泰盧固語",
      "lang_code": "te",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ఇండియానా"
    },
    {
      "lang": "泰語",
      "lang_code": "th",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "อินดีแอนา"
    },
    {
      "lang": "土耳其語",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "烏克蘭語",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Індіа́на"
    },
    {
      "lang": "意第緒語",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "אינדיאַנאַ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "印第安納"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "官話專有名詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "帶「印」的漢語詞",
    "帶「安」的漢語詞",
    "帶「第」的漢語詞",
    "帶「納」的漢語詞",
    "有1個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "漢語專有名詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "粵語專有名詞",
    "粵語詞元"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "印第安纳",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "pos_title": "專有名詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "(~州) 州名,位於美國。首都: 印第安納波利斯"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìndì'ānnà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄢ ㄋㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jan³ dai⁶ on¹ naap⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìndì'ānnà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄢ ㄋㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìndì-annà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yin⁴-ti⁴-an¹-na⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yìn-dì-ān-nà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Yinndihannah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "Иньдианьна (Inʹdianʹna)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jan³ dai⁶ on¹ naap⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "yan daih ōn naahp"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "jan³ dai⁶ on¹ naap⁹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "yen³ dei⁶ on¹ nab⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɐn³³ tɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "Yìndì'ānnà",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "印地安納"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Yìndì'ānnà",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "印地安纳"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "阿拉伯語",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "ʔindiyānā",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "إنديانا"
    },
    {
      "lang": "切羅基語",
      "lang_code": "chr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ᎢᏂᏗᏰᎾ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "科西嘉語",
      "lang_code": "co",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "捷克語",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "丹麥語",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "英語",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "世界語",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indianao"
    },
    {
      "lang": "芬蘭語",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "法語",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "加利西亞語",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "格魯吉亞語",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ინდიანა"
    },
    {
      "lang": "德語",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "希臘語",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Ιντιάνα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "希伯來語",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "ʾindiānā",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "אינדיאנה"
    },
    {
      "lang": "印地語",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "इंडियाना"
    },
    {
      "lang": "印地語",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "इण्डियाना"
    },
    {
      "lang": "匈牙利語",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "意大利語",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "日語",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "Indiana-shū",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "インディアナ州"
    },
    {
      "lang": "高棉語",
      "lang_code": "km",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "អ៊ីនឌីយ៉ាណា"
    },
    {
      "lang": "朝鮮語",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "^인디애나"
    },
    {
      "lang": "老撾語",
      "lang_code": "lo",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ອິນດີແອນາ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "拉脫維亞語",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "林堡語",
      "lang_code": "li",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "馬其頓語",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Индија́на"
    },
    {
      "lang": "馬爾他語",
      "lang_code": "mt",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indijana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "馬拉地語",
      "lang_code": "mr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "इंडियाना"
    },
    {
      "lang": "納瓦霍語",
      "lang_code": "nv",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Índíʼyéenah hahoodzo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "奧克語",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "波蘭語",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "葡萄牙語",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄語",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Индиа́на"
    },
    {
      "lang": "西班牙語",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "泰盧固語",
      "lang_code": "te",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "ఇండియానా"
    },
    {
      "lang": "泰語",
      "lang_code": "th",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "อินดีแอนา"
    },
    {
      "lang": "土耳其語",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "Indiana"
    },
    {
      "lang": "烏克蘭語",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Індіа́на"
    },
    {
      "lang": "意第緒語",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "sense": "美國州份",
      "word": "אינדיאַנאַ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "印第安納"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 印第安納 meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.